Humanity’s Last Exam benchmarks expert-level AI performance

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Research title:

Humanity’s Last Exam benchmarks expert-level AI performance

Authors:

Long Phan, Alice Gatti, Nathaniel Li, Adam Khoja, Ryan Kim, Richard Ren, Jason Hausenloy, Oliver Zhang, Mantas Mazeika, Dan Hendrycks, Scale AI, Ziwen Han, Jing Hu, Hugh Zhang, Chen Zhang, Mohamed Shaaban, John Ling, Sean X. Shi, Michael Choi, A. Agrawal, Arnav Chopra, Aakaash Nattanmai, Gordon McKellips, Anish Cheraku, Asim Suhail, Ethan Luo, Marvin Deng, Jason Luo, Ashley Zhang, Kavin Jindel, Jay Paek, Kasper Halevy, Allen Baranov, Michael Liu, Advaith Avadhanam, David Zhang, Vincent Cheng, Brad Ma, Evan Fu, Liam Do, Joshua Laß, Hubert Yang, Surya Sunkari, Vishruth Bharath, Violet Ai, James Leung, Rishit Agrawal, Alan Zhou, Kevin Chen, Tejas Kalpathi, Ziqi Xu, Gavin Wang, Tyler Xiao, Erik Maung, Sam Lee, Ryan Yang, Roy Yue, Ben Zhao, Julia Yoon, Xiangwan Sun, Aryan Singh, Clark Peng, Tyler Osbey, Taozhi Wang, Daryl Echeazu, Timothy Wu, Spandan Patel, Vidhi Kulkarni, Vijaykaarti Sundarapandiyan, Andrew Le, Zafir Nasim, Srikar Yalam, Ritesh Kasamsetty, Soham Samal, David Sun, Nihar Shah, Abhijeet Saha, Alex Zhang, Leon Nguyen, Laasya Nagumalli, Kaixin Wang, Aidan Wu, Anwith Telluri, Summer Yue, Alexandr Wang, Dmitry Dodonov, Tung Nguyen, J Lee, Daron Anderson, Mikhail Doroshenko, Alun Cennyth Stokes, Mobeen Mahmood, Oleksandr Pokutnyi, O. Z. Iskra, Yi-Xiang Wang, J Levin, Mstyslav Kazakov, Fiona Feng, Steven Y. Feng, Haoran Zhao, Michael Yu, Varun Gangal, Chelsea Zou, Zihan Wang, Serguei Popov, Robert Gerbicz, Geoff Galgon, Johannes Schmitt, Will Yeadon, Yong-Ki Lee, Scott Sauers, Alvaro Sanchez, Fabian Giska, Marc Roth, Søren Riis, Saiteja Utpala, Noah Burns, Gashaw M. Goshu, Mohinder Maheshbhai Naiya, Chidozie Agu, Zachary Giboney, Antrell Cheatom, Francesco Fournier-Facio, Sarah-Jane Crowson, L Finke, Zerui Cheng, J.A. Zampese, Ryan G. Hoerr, Mark J. Nandor, Hyunwoo Park, Tim Gehrunger, Jiaqi Cai, Ben Mccarty, Alexis Garretson, Edwin W. Taylor, Damien Sileo, Qiuyu Ren, Usman Qazi, Lianghui Li, Jungbae Nam, John Wydallis, Pavel Arkhipov, J Shi, Aras Bacho, Chris G. Willcocks, H. Cao, Sumeet Motwani, Théo de Oliveira Santos, Johannes Veith, Edward Vendrow, Doru Cojoc, Kengo Zenitani, Joshua Robinson, Li Tang, Yuqi Li, Joshua Vendrow, Natanael Wildner Fraga, Vladyslav Kuchkin, Andrey Pupasov Maksimov, Pierre Marion, Denis Efremov, Jayson Lynch, Kaiqu Liang, А. А. Миков, Andrew Gritsevskiy, Julien Guillod, Gözdenur Demir, D. Martinez, Ben Pageler, Kevin C. Zhou, Saeed Soori, Ori Press, Henry Y. H. Tang, Paolo Rissone, S Green, Lina Brüssel, Moon Twayana, Aymeric Dieuleveut, Joseph Marvin Imperial, Ameya Prabhu, Jinzhou Yang, Nick Crispino, Arun Chakrapani Rao, Dimitri Zvonkine, Gabriel Loiseau, М. С. Калинин, Marco Lukas, Ciprian Manolescu, Nate Stambaugh, Subrata Mishra, Tad Hogg, Carlo Bosio, Brian P. Coppola, Julián Salazar, Jaehyeok Jin, Rafael Sayous, Stefan Ivanov, Philippe Schwaller, Shaipranesh Senthilkumar, Andres M Bran, Andres Algaba, K. Van Den Houte, Lynn Van der Sypt, Brecht Verbeken, David Noever, Alexei Kopylov, Benjamin Myklebust, Baixian Li, Lisa Schut, Evgenii Zheltonozhskii, Qiaochu Yuan, Derek Lim, Richard P. Stanley, Tong Yang, John Maar, Julian Wykowski, Mart Oller, A. Sahu, Cesare Giulio Ardito, Yuzheng Hu, Ariel Ghislain Kemogne Kamdoum, Alvin Jin, Tobias Garcia Vilchis, Y. Q. Zu, Martin Lackner, James Koppel, Gongbo Sun, Daniil S. Antonenko, Steffi Chern, Bingchen Zhao, Pierrot Arsene, Joseph M Cavanagh, Daofeng Li, Jiawei Shen, Donato Crisostomi, Wenjin Zhang, Ali Dehghan, С.Л. Иванов, David Perrella, Nurdin Kaparov, Allen Zang, Ilia Sucholutsky, Arina Kharlamova, Daniil Orel, Vladislav Poritski, Shalev Ben-David, Zachary Berger, Parker Whitfill, Michael Foster, Daniel Munro, Linh Ho, S Sivarajan, Dan Bar Hava, Aleksey Kuchkin, David Holmes, Alexandra Rodriguez-Romero, Frank Sommerhage, Anji Zhang, Richard Moat, Keith M. Schneider, Zakayo Kazibwe, Don Clarke, Dae‐Hyun Kim, Felipe Meneguitti Dias, S. F. Fish, Veit Elser, Tobias Kreiman, Victor Efren Guadarrama Vilchis, Immo Klose, Ujjwala Anantheswaran, Adam Zweiger, Kaivalya Rawal, Jeffery Li, Jeremy Nguyen, Nicolas Daans, Haline Heidinger, Maksim Radionov, Václav Rozhoň, Vincent Ginis, Christian Stump, Niv Cohen, Rafał Poświata, Josef Tkadlec, Alan Goldfarb, Chenguang Wang, Piotr Padlewski, Stanislaw Barzowski, K. Leon Montgomery, Ryan Stendall, Jamie Tucker-Foltz, Jack Stade, T. Ryan Rogers, Tom Goertzen, Declan Grabb, Abhishek Shukla, Alan Givré, John Arnold Ambay, Archan Sen, Muhammad Fayez Aziz, Mark H Inlow, Hao He, Ling Zhang, Younesse Kaddar, Ivar Ängquist, Yanxu Chen, H. Wang, K N Ramakrishnan, Elliott Thornley, Antonio Terpin, Hailey Schoelkopf, Eric Zheng, Avishy Carmi, Ethan Brown, Kelin Zhu, Max Bartolo, Richard John Wheeler, Martin Stehberger, Peter Bradshaw, JP Heimonen, Kaustubh Sridhar, Ido Akov, Jennifer A. Sandlin, Yury Makarychev, Joanna Tam, Hieu D. Hoang, David M. Cunningham, V. N. Goryachev, Demosthenes Patramanis, Michael Krause, Andrew Redenti, David Aldous, Jesyin Lai, Shannon Coleman, Jiangnan Xu, Sang-Won Lee, Ilias Magoulas, Sandy Zhao, Ning Tang, Michael K. Cohen, Orr Paradise, Jan H. Kirchner, Maksym Ovchynnikov, Jason O. Matos, A. Shenoy, Michael Zhuo Wang, Yuzhou Nie, Anna Sztyber, Paolo Faraboschi, Robin Riblet, Jonathan Crozier, P. Shiv Halasyamani, Shreyas Verma, Prashant Joshi, Eli Meril, Ziqiao Ma, Jérémy Andréoletti, Raghav Singhal, Jacob Platnick, Volodymyr Nevirkovets, Luke Basler, Alexander Ivanov, Seri Khoury, Nils Gustafsson, Marco Piccardo, Hamid Mostaghimi, Qijia Chen, Virendra Singh, Trần Vân Khánh, Paul Rosu, Hannah S. Szlyk, Zachary Brown, Himanshu Narayan, Aline Menezes, Jonathan Roberts, William E. Alley, Kunyang Sun, Arkil Patel, Max Lamparth, Anka Reuel, Linwei Xin, Hanmeng Xu, J Loader, F. Martín, Zixuan Wang, Andrea Achilleos, Thomas Preu, Tomek Korbak, Ida Bosio, F Kazemi, Ziye Chen, Biró Bálint, Eve J. Y. Lo, Jiaqi Wang, Maria Inês S. Nunes, Jeremiah Milbauer, M Saiful Bari, Zihao Wang, Behzad Ansarinejad, Yewen Sun, Stéphane Durand, Hossam Elgnainy, Guillaume Douville, Daniel Tordera, George Balabanian, Hew Wolff, Lynna Kvistad, Hsiao-yun Milliron, Ahmad Sakor, Murat Eron, Andrew Favre, Shailesh Shah, Xiaoxiang Zhou, Firuz Kamalov, Sherwin Abdoli, Tim Santens, Shaul Barkan, Allison Tee, Robin Zhang, Alessandro Tomasiello, Gian Luca, Shi-Zhuo Looi, Tu Van Le, Noam Kolt, Jiayi Pan, Emma Rodman, Jacob Drori, Carl Fossum, Niklas Muennighoff, Milind Jagota, Ronak Pradeep, Honglu Fan, Jonathan Eicher, Michael Chen, Kushal Thaman, William Merrill, Moritz Firsching, Carter Harris, Ştefan Ciobâcă, Jason N. Gross, Rohan Pandey, Ilya Gusev, Adam Jones, Shashank Agnihotri, Pavel Zhelnov, Mohammadreza Mofayezi, Alexander Piperski, David K. Zhang, Kostiantyn Dobarskyi, Roman Leventov, Ignat Soroko, Joshua Duersch, Vage Taamazyan, Andrew Ho, Wenjie Ma, William A. Held, Ruicheng Xian, Armel Randy Zebaze, Marwa Mohamed, Julian Noah Leser, Michelle X Yuan, Laila Yacar, Johannes Lengler, Katarzyna Olszewska, Claudio Di Fratta, Edson OliveiraJr, Joseph W. Jackson, Andy Zou, M. Chidambaram, Timothy Manik, Hector Haffenden, Dashiell Stander, Ali Dasouqi, Alexander Shen, Bita Golshani, David Stap, Egor Kretov, Mikalai Uzhou, Alina Borisovna Zhidkovskaya, Nick Winter, Miguel Orbegozo Rodriguez, Robert Lauff, Dustin Wehr, Colin Tang, Zakir Hossain, Shaun Phillips, Fortuna Samuele, Fredrik Ekström, Angela Hammon, Oam Patel, Faraz Farhidi, George H. Medley, Forough Mohammadzadeh, Madellene Peñaflor, Haile Kassahun, Alena Friedrich, Rayner Hernandez Perez, Daniel Pyda, Taom Sakal, Omkar Dhamane, Ali Khajegili Mirabadi, Eric Hallman, Kenchi Okutsu, Mike A. Battaglia, Mohammad Maghsoudimehrabani, Alon Amit, D. I. Hulbert, Roberto Pereira, Simon Weber, Handoko, Anton Peristyy, Stephen Malina, Mustafa Mehkary, Rami Aly, Frank Reidegeld, A C Dick, Cary L Friday, Mukhwinder Singh, Hassan Shapourian, W. J. Kim, Mariana Costa, Hubeyb Gurdogan, Harsh Kumar, Chiara Ceconello, Chao Zhuang, H Park, Micah Carroll, Andrew R. Tawfeek, Stefan Steinerberger, Daattavya Aggarwal, Michael Kirchhof, Linjie Dai, Evan Kim, Johan Ferret, Jainam Shah, Yuzhou Wang, Minghao Yan, Krzysztof Burdzy, Lixin Zhang, A Franca, Diana T. Pham, Kang Yong Loh, Joshua Robinson, Abram Jackson, Paolo Giordano, Philipp Petersen, Adrian Cosma, Jesús Colino, Colin White, Jacob Votava, Vladimir Vinnikov, Ethan Delaney, Petr Špelda, Vít Střítecký, Syed M. Shahid, Jean-Christophe Mourrat, Lavr Vetoshkin, Koen Sponselee, Renas Bacho, Zheng-Xin Yong, Florencia de la Rosa, Nathan Cho, Xiuyu Li, Guillaume Malod, Orion Weller, Guglielmo Albani, Leon Lang, Julien Laurendeau, Dmitry Kazakov, Fatimah Adesanya, J. Portier, Lawrence Hollom, Victor H. Souza, Y Q Zhou, Julien Degorre, Yiğit Yaln, Gbenga Daniel Obikoya, Rai Michael Pokorny, Filippo Bigi, M. C. Boscá, Oleg Shumar, Kaniuar Bacho, Gabriel Recchia, Mara Popescu, Nikita Shulga, Ngefor Mildred Tanwie, Thomas Lux, B. K. Rank, Cheng Ni, Matthew Brooks, Alesia Yakimchyk, Huanxu Liu, Stefano Cavalleri, Olle Häggström, Emil Verkama, Joshua Newbould, Hans Gundlach, Leonor Brito-Santana, Brian Amaro, Vivek Vajipey, Rynaa Grover, Ting Wang, Yosi Kratish, Weizhong Li, Sivakanth Gopi, Andrea Caciolai, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Pablo Hernández-Cámara, Emanuele Rodolà, Jules Robins, Dominic Williamson, Brad Raynor, Qi Hao, Ben Segev, Jingxuan Fan, Sarah Martinson, E A Wang, Kaylie Hausknecht, Michael P. Brenner, Mao Mao, Christoph Demian, Peyman Hosseinzadeh Kassani, Xinyu Zhang, David Avagian, Eshawn Jessica Scipio, Alon Ragoler, Justin Kok Soon Tan, Blake Sims, Rebeka Plecnik, Aaron Kirtland, Omer Faruk Bodur, D. P. Shinde, Yan Carlos Leyva Labrador, Zahra Adoul, Mohamed Zekry, Ali Karakoc, Tania C. B. Santos, Samir Shamseldeen, Loukmane Karim, Anna Liakhovitskaia, Nate Resman, Nicholas Farina, Juan Carlos González, Gabe Maayan, Earth Anderson, Rodrigo De Oliveira Pena, Elizabeth Kelley, Hodjat Mariji, Rasoul Pouriamanesh, Wentao Wu, Ross Finocchio, Ismail Alarab, Joshua Cole, Danyelle Ferreira, Bryan T. Johnson, Mohammad Safdari, Liangti Dai, Siriphan Arthornthurasuk, Isaac C. Mcalister, Alejandro J. Moyano, Alexey Pronin, Jing Fan, Angel Ramirez-Trinidad, Yana Malysheva, Daphiny Pottmaier, Omid Taheri, Stanley Stepanic, S. J. Perry, Luke Askew, Raúl Adrián Huerta Rodrguez, Ali M. R. Minissi, Ricardo Lorena, K. Swaminathan Iyer, Arshad Anil Fasiludeen, R.G. Clark, Josh Ducey, Matheus Piza, Maja Somrak, Eric Vergo, J. Qin, Benjámin Borbás, Eric Chu, Jack Lindsey, Antoine Jallon, Ian McInnis, Evan Chen, Avi Semler, Luk Gloor, Tej S. Shah, Marc Carauleanu, Pascal Lauer, Tran Đuc Huy, Hossein Shahrtash, Emilien Duc, Lukas Lewark, Assaf Brown, Samuel Albanie, Brian Weber, Warren S. Vaz, Pierre Clavier, Yiyang Fan, G Azevedo e Silva, Long Tony Lian, Marcus Abramovitch, Xi Jiang, Sandra Mendoza, M. M. Islam, Juan Gonzalez, Vasilios Mavroudis, Justin Xu, Pawan Kumar, Laxman Prasad Goswami, Daniel Bugas, Nasser Heydari, Ferenc Jeanplong, Thorben Jansen, Antonella Pinto, Archimedes T. Apronti, Abdallah Galal, Ng Ze-An, Ankit Singh, Tong Jiang, Joan of Arc Xavier, Kanu Priya Agarwal, Mohammed Berkani, Gang Zhang, Z. Du, Benedito Alves de Oliveira-Júnior, D. Malishev, Nicolas Rémy, Taylor D. Hartman, Tim Tarver, Stephen Mensah, Gautier Abou Loume, Wiktor Morak, Fikri Habibi, S. Y. Hoback, Will Cai, Javier Giménez, Roselynn Grace Montecillo, Jakub Łucki, Russell Campbell, Asankhaya Sharma, Klaas van der Meer, Shreen Gul, Daniel Espinosa Gonzalez, Xavier Alapont, Alex Hoover, Gunjan Chhablani, Freddie Vargus, Arunim Agarwal, Yibo Jiang, D. Y. Patil, David Outevsky, Kevin Scaria, Rajat Maheshwari, Abdelkader Dendane, Priti Shukla, Ashley Cartwright, Sergei Bogdanov, Niels Mündler, S. Möller, Luca Arnaboldi, Kunvar Thaman, Muhammad Rehan Siddiqi, Prajvi Saxena, Himanshu Gupta, Tony Fruhauff, Glen Sherman, Mátyás Vincze, Siranut Usawasutsakorn, Dylan Ler, Anil Radhakrishnan, Innocent Enyekwe, Sk Md Salauddin, Jiang Muzhen, Aleksandr Maksapetyan, Vivien Rossbach, Chris Harjadi, Mohsen Bahaloohoreh, Claire Sparrow, Jasdeep Sidhu, Sam Ali, Song Bian, John Lai, Eric A. Singer, Justine Leon Uro, Greg Bateman, Mohamed Sayed, Ahmed Menshawy, Darling Duclosel, Dario Bezzi, Yashaswini Jain, Ashley Aaron, Murat Tiryakioğlu, Sheeshram Siddh, Keith Krenek, Imad Ali Shah, Jun Jin, Scott Creighton, Denis Peskoff, Zienab El-Wasif, Ragavendran P, Michael Richmond, Joseph McGowan, Tejal Patwardhan, Hao-Yu Sun, Sun Ting, Nikola Zubić, Samuele Sala, Stephen Ebert, Jean Kaddour, Manuel Schottdorf, Dianzhuo Wang, Gerol Petruzella, Alex Meiburg, Tilen Medved, Ali ElSheikh, S. Ashwin Hebbar, Lorenzo Vaquero, Xianjun Yang, Jason Poulos, Vilém Zouhar, Sergey Bogdanik, Mingfang Zhang, Jorge Sanz-Ros, David Anugraha, Yinwei Dai, Anh N. Nhu, Xue Wang, Ali Anıl Demirçalı, Zhibai Jia, Y Q Zhou, Juncheng Wu, Mike He, Nitin Chandok, Aarush Sinha, Gaoxiang Luo, Long Le, Mickaël Noyé, Michał Perełkiewicz, Ioannis Pantidis, Tianbo Qi, Soham Sachin Purohit, Letitia Parcalabescu, Thai-Hoa Nguyen, Genta Indra Winata, E De Ponti, Hanchen Li, Kaustubh Dhole, Jongee Park, Dario Abbondanza, Yue Wang, Anupam Nayak, Diogo M. Caetano, Antonio A. W. L. Wong, Maria del Rio-Chanona, Dániel Kondor, Pieter François, Ed Chalstrey, Jakob Zsambok, Dan Hoyer, Jenny Reddish, Jakob Hauser, Francisco-Javier Rodrigo-Ginés, Suchandra Datta, Maxwell Shepherd, Thom Kamphuis, Qizheng Zhang, Hyunjun Kim, Ruiji Sun, Jianzhu Yao, Franck Dernoncourt, Satyapriya Krishna, Sina Rismanchian, Bonan Pu, Francesco Pinto, Yue Wang, Kumar Shridhar, Kalon J. Overholt, Glib Briia, Hieu Nguyen, David Quod Soler Bartomeu, Tony CY Pang, Adam Wecker, Yifan Xiong, Fanfei Li, Lukas S. Huber, Joshua Jaeger, R P Maddalena, Xing Han Lù, Yuhui Zhang, Claas Beger, Patrick Tser Jern Kon, Sean Li, Vivek Sanker, Ming Yin, Yihao Liang, Xinlu Zhang, Ankit Agrawal, Li S. Yifei, Zechen Zhang, Mu Cai, Yasin Sonmez, Costin Cozianu, C K Li, Alex Slen, Shoubin Yu, Hyun Kyu Park, Gabriele Sarti, Marcin Briański, Alessandro Stolfo, Truong An Nguyen, Mike Zhang, Yotam Perlitz, Jose Hernandez-Orallo, Runjia Li, Amin Shabani, Felix Juefei-Xu, Shikhar Dhingra, Orr Zohar, My Chiffon Nguyen, Alexander Pondaven, Abdurrahim Yilmaz, X Zhao, Chuanyang Jin, Muyan Jiang, Stefan Todoran, Xinyao Han, Jules Kreuer, Brian Rabern, Anna Plassart, Martino Maggetti, Luther Yap, Robert Geirhos, Jonathon Kean, Dingsu Wang, Sina Mollaei, Chenkai Sun, Yifan Yin, S Wang, Rui Li, Yaowen Chang, Anjiang Wei, Alice Bizeul, Xiaohan Wang, Alexandre Oliveira Arrais, Kushin Mukherjee, Jorge Chamorro-Padial, Jiachen Liu, Xingyu Qu, Junyi Guan, Adam Bouyamourn, Wu Sc, Martyna Plomecka, Junda Chen, Mengze Tang, Jiaqi Deng, Shreyas Subramanian, Haocheng Xi, Haoxuan Chen, Wei Zhang, Yinuo Ren, Haoqin Tu, Sejong Kim, Yushun Chen, Sara Vera Marjanović, Junwoo Ha, Grzegorz Luczyna, Jeff Ma, Zewen Shen, Dawn Song, Cedegao E. Zhang, Zhun Wang, G. Gendron, Yunze Xiao, Leo Smucker, Erica Weng, Kwok Hao Lee, Zhe Ye, Stefano Ermon, Ignacio D. Lopez-Miguel, Theo Knights, Anthony Gitter, NamKyu Park, Boyi Wei, Hongzheng Chen, Kunal Pai, Ahmed Elkhanany, Han Lin, Philipp D. Siedler, Jichao Fang, Ritwik Mishra, Károly Zsolnai-Fehér, Xilin Jiang, Shadab Khan, Jun Yuan, Rishab Kumar Jain, Xi Lin, Mike Peterson, Zhe Wang, Aditya Malusare, Maosen Tang, Isha Gupta, Ivan Fosin, Timothy Kang, Barbara Dworakowska, Kazuki Matsumoto, Guangyao Zheng, Gerben Sewuster, Jorge Pretel Villanueva, Ivan Rannev, Igor Chernyavsky, Jiale Chen, Deepayan Banik, Ben Racz, Wenchao Dong, Yi-Xiang Wang, Laila Bashmal, D Moreira Goncalves, Wei Hu, Kaushik Bar, Ondrej Bohdal, Atharv Singh Patlan, Shehzaad Dhuliawala, Caroline Geirhos, Julien Wist, Yuval Kansal, Bingsen Chen, Kutay Tire, Atak Talay Yücel, Brandon Christof, Veerupaksh Singla, Zijian Song, S Chen, Jiaxin Ge, Kaustubh Ponkshe, I. Park, Tianneng Shi, Martin Q. Ma, Joshua Mak, Sherwin Lai, Antoine Moulin, Zhuo Cheng, Zhanda Zhu, Ziyi Zhang, Vaidehi Patil, Ketan Jha, Men Qq, Jiaxuan Wu, Tianchi Zhang, B Vieira, Alham Fikri Aji, Jae-Won Chung, Mohammed Mahfoud, Ha Thi Hoang, Marc Sperzel, Wei Hao, Kristof Meding, Sihan Xu, Vassilis Kostakos, Davide Manini, Liu Y, Christopher Toukmaji, Eunmi Yu, Arif Engin Demirçali, Zhiyi Sun, Ivan Dewerpe, Hongsen Qin, Roman Pflugfelder, James Bailey, Johnathan Morris, Ville Heilala, Sybille Rosset, Zishun Yu, Peter E. Chen, Woongyeong Yeo, Eeshaan Jain, Sreekar Chigurupati, Julia Chernyavsky, Sai Prajwal Reddy, Subhashini Venugopalan, Hunar Batra, Core Francisco Park, Hieu Tran, Guilherme Maximiano, Genghan Zhang, Yizhuo Liang, Hu Shiyu, Rongwu Xu, Rui Pan, Siddharth Suresh, Ziqi Liu, Samaksh Gulati, Songyang Zhang, Peter Turchin, Christopher W. Bartlett, Christopher R. Scotese, Phuong Cao, Ben Wu, Jacek Karwowski, Davide Scaramuzza

Institutions:

3DT Holdings (United States), Aalborg University, Aalborg University, Aalto University, Abacus Health Solutions, Abeam Technologies (United States), Accenture (Switzerland), Accenture (United States), Adaptive Dynamics (United States), Adobe Systems (United States), AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Alberta Health Services, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Aligarh Muslim University, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Amazon (United States), American Standard (United States), American Standard (United States), Ankara University, Applied Technologies (United States), Arizona State University, Arizona State University, Arizona State University, Arizona State University, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada), Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada), Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada), Atilim University, Auckland University of Technology, Australian National University, Australian National University, Australian National University, Australian National University, Banaras Hindu University, Bank of Canada, Baylor College of Medicine, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beni-Suef University, Bethune-Cookman University, Bilkent University, Bilkent University, Boğaziçi University, Bournemouth University, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Brown University, Brown University, Brown University, C4 Therapeutics (United States), Cairo University, Cairo University, Cairo University hospitals, Cal Poly Corporation, California Institute of Technology, California Institute of Technology, California Institute of Technology, California Institute of Technology, California Polytechnic State University, Canadian University of Dubai, Cape Eleuthera Institute, Cape Eleuthera Institute, Cape Eleuthera Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Center for Asian American Media, Central College, Central Mindanao University, Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées de l'École polytechnique, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Nancy, Centre Inria de l'Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Tecnologic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Chalmers University of Technology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charles University, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Chulalongkorn University, Cisco College, City College Brighton and Hove, Codexis (United States), Coherent (United States), Collège Boréal, Columbia University, Columbia University, Columbia University, Columbia University, Columbia University, Columbia University, Columbia University, Columbia University, Columbia University, Complexity Science Hub, Complexity Science Hub, Complexity Science Hub, Complexity Science Hub, Complexity Science Hub, Complexity Science Hub, Complexity Science Hub, Concordia University, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Corteva (United States), County Hospital, Cranfield University, Cranfield University, Cranfield University, Czech Technical University in Prague, Dalhousie University, Daresbury Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Delft University of Technology, DELL (United States), DELL (United States), DELL (United States), Département de mathématiques et applications, Donald & Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Dr. Siyami Ersek Göğüs Kalp Ve Damar Cerrahisi Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Dr. Siyami Ersek Göğüs Kalp Ve Damar Cerrahisi Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Drexel University, Duke University, Duke University, Duke University, Duke University, Durham University, Durham University, Durham University, East Burke High School, Eastern Idaho Technical College, Eastern Institute of Technology, École Normale Supérieure – PSL, École Normale Supérieure – PSL, École Normale Supérieure – PSL, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, École Polytechnique, École Polytechnique, École Polytechnique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Emory University, Emory University, Emory University, Eötvös Loránd University, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Fayetteville Public Library, Florida Atlantic University, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Fraunhofer-Einrichtung für Individualisierte Medizintechnik, Gakushuin University, Genomix Biotech (India), George Mason University, George Mason University, George Mason University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Southern University, Georgia State University, German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence, GGG (France), Goethe University Frankfurt, Google (United Kingdom), Google (United Kingdom), Google (United Kingdom), Google (United States), Google (United States), Google (United States), Google (United States), Google DeepMind (United Kingdom), Google DeepMind (United Kingdom), Google DeepMind (United Kingdom), Government Medical College, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Harvard University Press, Health and Safety Executive, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg University, Heka : Méthodes basées sur les données et modèles en santé pour l'acquisition de connaissances, Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Hereford Health and Safety Group, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (United States), Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Honolulu University, Honolulu University, Hospital for Sick Children, Hospital for Sick Children, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 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Publication date:

2026-01-28

DOI:

10.1038/s41586-025-09962-4

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